Antibiotic Resistance Trend of Uropathogenic Klebsiella pneumoniae in a Hospital in Abuja, North Central Nigeria, 2014-2015

Antibiotic resistance surveillance is essential in the effective response to the global emergence  and spread of multidrug resistant bacteria. This study was carried to determine the trend of antibiotic  resistance of Klebsiella pneumoniae isolated from urine between January, 2014 and December, 2015 in a  hospital in Abuja, North Central Nigeria. Urine samples were collected from patients with suspected cases  of UTI who were referred to the Microbiology laboratory. The samples were inoculated onto MacConkey  agar and incubated for 24 hours at 37 oC. Isolates with characteristic colonial morphology of Klebsiella  pneumoniae were further characterized microscopically and biochemically. Antibiotic susceptibility  pattern of the isolates was determined using modified Kirby Bauer disc diffusion method. A total of 44  Klebsiella pneumoniae consisting of 22 isolates each from 2014 and 2015 were isolated in this study. The  isolates were highly resistant to Ampicillin, Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole and Tetracycline. However,  none of the isolates (0.00%) was resistant to Ceftriaxone, Netilmicin and Levofloxacin in 2014 and 2015.  An increase in resistance rates of the isolates to Ampicillin, Tetracycline, Ofloxacin and Trimethoprim Sulfamethoxazole was observed between 2014 and 2015 from: 77.27% to 81.18%, 54.55% to 59.09%,  0.00% to 04.55% and 63.64% to 68.18% respectively. Based on the result of this study, Fluroquinolones,  Ceftriaxone, Netilmicin and Levofloxacinmay be considered as therapeutic options for empirical treatment  of UTIs caused by Klebsiella pneumoniae