Volume 35, Issue 1 (June)

1

Research Article

Human Immunodeficiency Virus and Hepatitis B Virus Co-infection Studies among Patients attending Selected Hospitals in Gusau, Zamfara State, Nigeria

Habibu, A^*, Muhammad, U.K, Baki, S.A, Gambo, S

Human Immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and Hepatitis B virus are among the leading causes of fatal infections worldwide. This study was conducted between August-December 2018 to determine the sero-prevalence of HIV/HBV co-infection among patients attending two selected Hospitals in Gusau, Nigeria. One hundred and sixty eight (168) study subjects were recruited for this study. Blood samples were co...

Jun, 2021 pp. 5454-5459

2

Research Article

Prevalence and Factors Associated with Rifampicin Resistant Pulmonary Tuberculosis among Presumptive Patients in Kano State, Nigeria

Mohammad A.B^*, Ibrahim, A., Maifada A I, Balogun M S, Mohammed, Y., Fagge H S, Iliya S, Aminu, A. I., Mukhtar, M.D.

Rifampicin-resistant tuberculosis (TB) is an emerging problem of great importance to public  health worldwide and together with multidrug-resistant TB causes higher mortality rates than drug sensitive tuberculosis. Data regarding drug-resistance and risk factors associated with rifampicin resistant  from Kano are lacking. The study therefore, determined the prevalence and risk factors associated w...

Jun, 2021 pp. 5460-5466

3

Research Article

Antagonistic Activities of Lactic Acid Bacteria from Raw Cow Milk against Selected Food- Borne Pathogens

Adediran A.B^*, Sanni A.I, Banwo K., Adediran A.T

The aim of this study was to assess the antagonistic activities of lactic acid bacteria (LAB)  isolated from raw cow milk on selected food-borne pathogens. The antagonistic activities of five different  strains of LAB isolates; Lactobacillus plantarum, Leuconostoc mesenteriodes, Lactococcus lactis,  Lactobacillus acidiophilus and Lactobacillus bulgaricus from raw cow milk on six selected food born...

Jun, 2021 pp. 5467-5476

4

Research Article

Antibiotic Resistance Trend of Uropathogenic Klebsiella pneumoniae in a Hospital in Abuja, North Central Nigeria, 2014-2015

Suleiman A.B^*, Hussaini, I.M., Anchau Z.G., Sulaiman M.A

Antibiotic resistance surveillance is essential in the effective response to the global emergence  and spread of multidrug resistant bacteria. This study was carried to determine the trend of antibiotic  resistance of Klebsiella pneumoniae isolated from urine between January, 2014 and December, 2015 in a  hospital in Abuja, North Central Nigeria. Urine samples were collected from patients with sus...

Jun, 2021 pp. 5477 - 5483

5

Research Article

Knowledge, Attitude and Control Practices of Malaria at Bunkure Local Government Area of Kano State

Bukhari A^*, Yayo A. M, Dabo N. T, Yusuf M. S

This study was aimed at evaluating the knowledge, attitude as well as control practices of  malaria among residents of Bunkure Local Government Area of Kano State, Nigeria. Questionnaire and  interview were employed for this study. All data collected were analyzed using SPSS version 20. Out of  400 participants interviewed, 95.75 %, 96% and 79.5% of them had knowledge about the transmission,  symp...

Jun, 2021 pp. 5484-5495

6

Research Article

Comparative Bacteriology of the Vagina and Uterus of Camels (Camelus dromedaries) in Sokoto, Nigeria

Adeyeye A. A^*, Abdullahi M. M, Makun B

Infectious infertility is a major hindrance to reproductive performance in livestock. This study  was carried out to compare the bacterial profile in the vagina and uterus of camel. Swabs of the vagina and  uterus were collected from 45 camel cows with unknown reproductive history at slaughter, and analysed  for bacteria. Proteus spp. was the most common bacteria isolated from the genitalia and wa...

Jun, 2021 pp. 5496-5502

7

Research Article

Screening for Biosurfactant Producing Bacteria from Petroleum Contaminated Soil of Automobile Workshops in Ago-Iwoye, Ogun State, Nigeria

Ilusanya O. A. F^*, Orjint A. J, Onajobi I.B., Oyeyipo F.M, Ogunsola E.A., Fatunmbi T.C

Biosurfactants from microorganisms are promising agents in the bioremediation of crude oil  pollution due to their low toxicity and biodegradability. The study was aimed at screening bacteria isolated  from petroleum contaminated soil for biosurfactant production. Soil samples were collected from 12  automobile workshops in Ago-Iwoye, Ogun State. Bacteria were isolated and characterized using pour...

Jun, 2021 pp. 5503-5511

8

Research Article

Screening, Antimicrobial Susceptibility and Gastrointestinal Tolerance of Phytase Producing Bacteria Strain for Potential Use as Probiotic Feed Supplement

Onawola O. O^*, Akande I. S., Okunowo W. O., Osuntoki A. A

In order to utilize phosphorus and other nutrients efficiently, monogastric animals require an  exogenous supply of phytase to hydrolyze phytate present in feed. However, the stability and efficacy of  phytase may be grossly compromised in the event of non compliance by veterinary marts and farmers to  storage directives from manufacturers. To overcome this challenge, it is envisaged that live phy...

Jun, 2021 pp. 5512-5520

9

Research Article

Prevalence of Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhi among Patients attending Selected Health Care Centres in Lafia, Nasarawa State, Nigeria

Terna F.C^*, Chuku, A., Obiekezie S.O

A study was carried out to investigate the prevalence of Salmonella enterica serotype Typhi  among 300 patients attending selected health care centres in Lafia, Nasarawa State Nigeria. Demographic  data of patients were collected via semi-structured questionnaire. Bacterial isolates from stool samples  collected from patients were identified using standard biochemical and serotyping methods. Stool...

Jun, 2021 pp. 5521-5528

10

Research Article

Plasmid Profiling and Prevalence of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus from Patients in Abakaliki, Nigeria

Ugbo E. N.^*, Moses I. B., Ugadu I. O, Ugbo A. I

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus is a serious global threat. Thus, this research  focused on plasmid profile and prevalence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolated from  patients in Abakaliki, Nigeria. A total of 454 clinical specimens were obtained and screened for presence  of beta-lactamase and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus using nitrocefin sticks; oxaci...

Jun, 2021 pp. 5529-5538

11

Research Article

Microbiological Assessment and Detection of Adenovirus in Sachet Water Sold In Abeokuta, Nigeria

Shittu, O. B^*, Adekunle, O.T, Olufemi, F.O, Faleye, T.O.C, Adewumi, M. O., Adeniji, J.A.

Microbiological safety of sachet water remains a public health problem in Nigeria. This study was aimed at investigating some packaged sachet water sold in Abeokuta, South-West Nigeria for the microbiological safety including some of the enteric viruses on contaminant candidate list. Sachet water samples from five different producers were obtained over three month’s period. Bacterial and fungal an...

Jun, 2021 pp. 5539 - 5549

12

Research Article

Screening of Moulds from Soil for Pectinase Production

Ikani Eleojo^*, Ado S. A., Abdullahi, I.O

Enzymes are increasingly being used in different industrial processes globally as a result of their  extreme efficiency and highly specific bio-catalytic activities. Pectinases are among the most important  industrial enzymes and their demand is increasing by the day hence the need to search for cheap and  readily available sources of the enzyme. Therefore, this study was undertaken with the aim o...

Jun, 2021 pp. 5550-5555

13

Research Article

Antimicrobial Activity of Persea americana Seed Extract against Bacteria and Yeast isolated from Patients with Urinary Tract Infection in Delta State University Teaching Hospital, Nigeria

Akpomie O. O^*, Ehwarieme D. A, Enivweru O, Ajise J. E., Kovo G. A., Soumya G.

The study was aimed at investigating the antimicrobial activity of Persea americana (Avocado  pear) seed extracts on some clinical isolates from urine. Urine samples (500) were collected from patients  with urinary tract infection (UTI) from Delta State University Teaching Hospital, Oghara, Nigeria.  Bacteria and fungi were isolated and identified based on standard techniques. Serratiasp., Escheri...

Jun, 2021 pp. 5556-5567

14

Research Article

Assessment of Malaria Prevalence and Haemoglobin Genotypes among Patients Attending Selected Hospitals in the Three Senatorial Districts of Kaduna State, Nigeria

Benjamin G. Y^*, Inabo H. I, Doko M.H.I, Busayo O. O

Malaria is a significant public health problem, especially in developing countries including  Nigeria. It has caused the morbidity and death of millions of people; especially pregnant women and  children under the age of five years in sub-Saharan Africa. The aim of this study was to assess the  prevalence of malaria and haemoglobin genotypes among patients attending selected hospitals in the three...

Jun, 2021 pp. 5568-5575

15

Research Article

Characterization and Serotyping of Pasteurella multocida isolated from Deep Litter and Free-range Chickens in Vom, Plateau State, Nigeria

Suleiman A.B^*, Hussaini, I.M., Odumosu B.T, Abubakar W.O

Fowl cholera caused by Pasteurella multocida is a signifant threat to the poultry industry that  hampers profit margin for poultry production. This study was conducted to investigate the prevalence and  serotypes of P. multocida among deep litter and free-range chickens in Vom, Nigeria. A total of 200 cloacal  swabs, comprising of 100 each from healthy deep litter and free-range chickens were asep...

Jun, 2021 pp. 5576-5585

16

Research Article

Detection of DNA Gyrase Mutation among Clinical and Environmental Isolates of Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhi from Some Parts of Adamawa State, Nigeria

Sale M. P.^*, Ja’afaru, M. I., Pukuma S. M

The emergence of quinolone resistance among Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi is a growing  concern in the treatment and management of typhoid fever especially in developing countries. The  quinolone resistance is attributed to point mutation in GyrA gene of the organism. This study was aimed at  identifying the occurrence of point mutation in the GyrA gene of Salmonella Typhi from some parts of  ...

Jun, 2021 pp. 5586-5594

17

Research Article

Seroprevalence of Hepatitis C Virus Infection among Patients Living with Human Immunodeficiency Virus Attending Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital, Kano, Nigeria

Hassan, M. S^*, Dutsinma, U.A, Ramadan T., Akande, A. O, Mohammed, Y., Usman, J. N, Babayo, A, Idris, A. M, Abdullahi A. I, Ilah I. N

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a major disease burden on the world and man is the only known  natural host of HCV. HCV infection depends on age, sex, and immune-competence at the time of infection.  In most immuno-competent adults, 75% to 85% develop chronic HCV infection. Human  immunodeficiency virus (HIV) increases the pathological effect of HCV infection and potentiates the re activation of latent...

Jun, 2021 pp. 5595-5602

18

Research Article

Comparative Production, Analysis and Shelf life Studies of Fermented African Oil Bean Seed

Eluchie, C.N^*, Ogbulie J.N, Braide, Wesley, Nwachukwu, I.N.

Bacillus species were isolated from Ugba produced from naturally fermented African oil bean seed. Proximate composition of the traditional Ugba and Ugba produced using controlled fermentation was carried out at different fermentation time (0hr, 24hr, 48hr, 72hr) and the results showed that the moisture content ranges from 53.66%+0.00% and 58.50+0.10%, the ash content ranges from 0.56%+0.04 to ...

Jun, 2021 pp. 5603-5613

19

Research Article

Microbial and Heavy Metals Contaminations among the Commonly Sold Vegetables in Lagos State, Nigeria

Odumosu B.T^*, Njoku, C. J., Fatunsin, O.T, Adeogun, O.O, Alabi, O.S.

Assessments of heavy metals and microbial contaminations of vegetables cannot be overemphasized as vegetables are important components of human diet. Intake of heavy metal contaminated vegetables poses high risk to human health. Heavy metal concentrations and microbial contamination in twelve (12) most consumed vegetables Talinum triangulare, Telfairia occidentalis, Vernomia amygdalina, Amarant...

Jun, 2021 pp. 5614-5622

20

Research Article

Isolation and Characterization of Multidrug-resistant Escherichia coli from Poultry Litter samples from Selected Farms in Kano metropolis, Nigeria

Ibrahim, A.^*, Habibu, U.A

Escherichia coli is one of the major bacterial entropathogens of public health concerns that cause food-borne diseases, thereby contributing to increased human morbidity and mortality. This study was aimed at isolating and characterizing multidrug-resistant E. coli isolates from both local and agric litter samples from selected poultry farms in Kano state. Questionnaire was administered to obta...

Jun, 2021 pp. 5623-5629

21

Research Article

Effect of Preparation Method on the Proximate composition and Microbial Quality of Processed/cooked Fermented African Oil Bean Seeds (Ugba)

Eluchie, C.N^*, Ogbulie J.N, Braide, Wesley, Nwachukwu, I.N.

This study was carried out to determine the effect of different cooking methods on the proximate analysis and total microbial content ofUgba, using standard microbiological, proximate and phytochemical methods. Microbiological analysis revealed a progressive increase in the total heterotropic bacteria count and coliform count, from zero hour to the 72 hr for treated samples A,B,C,D. Staphyloco...

Jun, 2021 pp. 5630-5638

22

Research Article

Isolation and Identification of Trichophyton verrucosum from Horses in Michael Okpara University Farm, Umudike, Abia State, Nigeria

Nwiyi, P. O^*, Uwalaka, E, Akpabio, U, Okonkwo, C.

Fungi like Trichophyton species have been implicated in economic loss in the livestock industry. Spread of this organism from one animal to the other and its zonotic nature necessitates this study. The aim of the study was to isolate and identify Trichophyton verrucosum from horses. The study was conducted in the Michael Okpara university farm. Three different sample types from 4 horses were u...

Jun, 2021 pp. 5639-5648

23

Research Article

Occurrence of Antibiotic Resistant Bacteria (ARB) in Poultry Farms Located in Ilara Epe, Lagos State, Nigeria

Otse, L. J, Obayiuwana, A.C^*, Igbinadolor, R. O

There is increasing concern about the public health risks associated with routine and indiscriminate use of antibacterial agents in raising livestock worldwide. Our study investigated the antibiotics resistance of bacterial isolates obtained from four poultry farms located in a commercial livestock farm settlement in Ilara-Epe, Lagos State, Nigeria. The antibiotic resistance pattern of readily...

Jun, 2021 pp. 5649-5658

24

Research Article

Optimization of Bioethanol Synthesis from Sugarcane Bagasse using Saccharomyces Cerevisiae

Offor-Emenike, I.U^*, Ibekwe, V.I, Akujobi, C, Braide, Wesley

This study investigated the production of bioethanol from sugarcane bagasse in an optimized condition. Optimization of production medium helps to maximise metabolite yield. The capacity of Saccharomyces cerevisiae to ferment wort derived from sugarcane bagasse, an agricultural waste, in optimized conditions to produce bioethanol, was studied. A box-behnken design of five factors (substrate wei...

Jun, 2021 pp. 5659-5670